Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum, systemic herbicide and the most widely used weed killer in the world. It was first brought to market by Monsanto in 1974 under the brand name Roundup. It works by inhibiting a specific plant enzyme (EPSPS) involved in the synthesis of essential amino acids, which effectively kills the plant. [1, 2, 3, 4]
Uses and Application
Glyphosate is utilized in agricultural, residential, and industrial settings to control a wide range of annual and perennial weeds. [1, 2, 3]
- Agriculture: Used on many crops, particularly those genetically engineered to be "Roundup Ready" (e.g., corn, soybeans, cotton). It is also used as a pre-harvest desiccant to dry out crops like wheat and oats to make harvesting easier.
- Home and Garden: Popular for controlling weeds in driveways, walkways, along fences, and in landscaping.
- Other: Used in forestry site preparation, at plant nurseries, and along roadsides and railroads. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
Popular Products
Many commercial products contain glyphosate as the primary active ingredient. Users generally find these products highly effective for removing tough vegetation. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
A high-strength formula for both residential and professional use. Users at DoMyOwn.com and Keystone Pest Solutions highlight its quick results and ease of mixing.
A versatile concentrate suitable for large-scale application and lawn renovation. It is available at retailers like Agri Supply.
Safety and Controversy
The safety of glyphosate is a subject of ongoing global debate between regulatory bodies and scientific organizations. [1, 2]
- Regulatory Stance: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) maintain that glyphosate is not likely to be carcinogenic to humans when used as directed.
- Health Concerns: The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified it as "probably carcinogenic to humans" in 2015. Some studies have suggested links to non-Hodgkin lymphoma, liver and kidney damage, and endocrine disruption.
- Environmental Impact: While it binds tightly to soil and has low volatility, it can reach surface water through runoff and has been detected in various food products, including breakfast cereals and beer.
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